The importance of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments in modern endodontics deserves special emphasis. Far from being considered a luxury or mere whim, they have become essential, marking one of the most significant advances in the specialty by overcoming the limitations of stainless steel hand instruments. Their flexibility facilitates the preparation of curved canals, minimizes the risk of iatrogenesis, and reduces both the procedure time and the number of instruments required for shaping the...

Introduction: To determine the current tooth length (known as odontometry) is of fundamental importance for success and longevity of the endodontic treatment. Objective: Compare the accuracy of the three available techniques to perform odontometry: periapical radiography, cone beam computed tomography images, and apex locator. Material and Methods: Twenty single-root teeth were used and positioned in a socket to obtain the periapical radiographs and the CBCT images. Odontometry was performed on...

Introduction: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution is widely used for endodontic irrigation due to its ability to dissolve organic matter in the root canal and its bactericidal activity. Objective: The aim was to assess the pH variation of 2.5% NaOCl over time (days). Methods: The pH variation of 2.5% NaOCl solution was evaluated in three different products (commercial, dental, and compounded) using a digital pH meter at the following time intervals: 0, 1, 7, 15, 30, and 45 days, employing a...

Introduction: Recently, Endocem MTA has been advocated as root-end filling material. Objective: This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) on the sealing ability of ProRoot MTA and Endocem MTA when used as root-end filling materials. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted maxillary anterior teeth were decoronated, cleaning, shaping done, and filled using AH Plus sealer, gutta-percha, and coronally sealed with glass ionomer cement. Apical 3 mm of each tooth was...

Introduction: The Calcium hydroxide (CH) is the intracanal medication most used due its therapeutic and antimicrobial properties; however, residual CH pastes may remain in the root canal, compromising the sealer penetration. Objective: This study investigated the removal of calcium hydroxide (CH) associated with different vehicles in internal root resorption (IRR) to evaluate different ultrasonic inserts. Methodology: Single rooted teeth were accessed, instrumented, and longitudinally...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability and safety of NiTi hand instruments in the preparation of mesial root canals of mandibular molars. Methods: Twenty mandibular molars were scanned in micro-CT and standardized according to the length, volume and anatomical configuration. Then, they were divided into 4 groups (n=5): ProTaper Universal for hand use (PTH, Dentsply), Sequence Manual File (SMF, MK Life), Lima M .05 (LM5, Easy Equipamentos Odontológicos) and Lima M...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial potential and chemical properties of calcium hydroxide-basedpastes (CH) added to titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2nt) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methods: Six groups were established: CH; CH + 1% TiO2nt; CH + 3% TiO2nt; CH/camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CP); CH/CP + 1% TiO2nt; and CH/CP + 3% TiO2nt (n=6/ group). The study method involved agar disc diffusion. Forty-two permanent...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography to compare the centralization and canal transportation of ProTaper Next® (PTN) and TruNatomy® (TN) systems in mandibular molar mesial root canals with moderate curvature. Materials and methods: Fourteen mesial roots of mandibular molars with curvature between 10 and 20 degrees, having two canals with independent foramina were used. The mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals of each tooth were alternately...

Objective: To evaluate the microcracks occurrence and root roughness after root-end resection and root-end preparation and cutting time with different ultrasonic inserts. Materials and methods: The experimental groups were (n=12): Group 1: W1 and T1F-2; Group 2: Blade-Sonic and P1; Group 3: Surgefix and Surgefix II; Group 4: G11 and E10D. Results: Microcracks were not observed in any of the groups. The lowest roughness values were observed in Groups 2 and 4, with a significant difference from...

Introduction: Periapical lesions act as a barrier for microorganisms to not spread to adjacent tissues. Objectives: The aim of this article is to report the clinical case of a 36-year-old female patient whose main complaint was as follows "I have a toothache, I have been to several dentists, and they all want to extract my tooth." Case report: The patient reported radiating pain to the ear and mild pain when chewing, both on the right side. A clinical examination was performed which revealed...

Introduction: Dens in dente (DID) is an anomaly of tooth development, mostly compromising the upper lateral incisors, with uncertain etiology. Due to this morphology, there is a greater risk of pulp disease, and the endodontic treatment can be complex, requiring the use of complementary methods. Objective: This study aimed to report two cases of endodontic treatment in maxillary lateral incisors with invaginations, in which we performed conservative and surgical treatments. Case report: In...

Introduction: Companies and clinicians continue to seek endodontic instruments that contact more canal walls and resist fracture. Files with flat side design have emerged as an innovative alternative. Objectives: This article aims to present two innovative and high-performance canal preparation systems with flat side design: the Platinum V.EU rotary system and the Flash Endo Power reciprocating system, both from the Bondent® brand (China). System Descriptions: The Platinum V.EU system...