Changes in tooth color vary in their etiology, location and intensity, and treatment is intrinsically related to these factors.1–3 The availability of materials capable of masking, reducing or eliminating substrate darkening plays a significant role in this context. The correct diagnosis of the cause of dental discoloration is essential for defining the treatment protocol, in line with the philosophy of minimal intervention. In this way, procedures can be conducted in a more precise and...

Introduction: Maxillary molars represent a major clinical challenge for endodontic treatment due to the anatomical complexity of its mesiobuccal root. It is known that the prevalence of two root canal (MB1 and MB2) in this root is high, up to 97.6%. The first difficulties to be overcome during this treatment are those that prevent the location and negotiation of the MB2 canal. Some research has focused on determining the prevalence of MB2, as well as clinical methods for its localization,...

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of endodontic solvent on ability to dissolve gutta-percha and resin cones and sealers; antimicrobial action on biofilm in situ; effect on dentin microhardness; capacity to remove filling material from canal and effect of ultrasonic agitation of solvent after retreatment. Methods: (A) Specimens of Acroseal, Sealer 26, MTA Fillapex, RealSeal SE, AH Plus and Endofill and gutta-percha cones Dentsply (DP), Pro- Taper (PT) and Resilon...

Introduction: There is a lack in the literature about the most effective protocol for removing calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes in areas of internal root resorption (RRI). Objective: To evaluate the performance of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), XP-Endo Finisher and Easy Clean in removing CH in simulated IRR areas using pastes associated with different vehicles. Methods: Root canals of 128 mandibular incisors were prepared up to size 30 and sectioned longitudinally to create IRR cavities...

Objective: This study evaluated the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of the TotalFill BC RRM (TFBC) and MTA Angelus (MTAA). Methods: For radiopacity, specimens were placed in metal rings and an aluminum scale was used. Setting time and flow were tested in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials C-266-08 and ANSI/ADA nº 57/200 specifications, respectively. Twenty acrylic teeth were filled and immersed in ultrapure water for pH and calcium ion release and...

Introduction: Dental schools are alternatives to assist the population that cannot afford endodontic treatments in private practice. Hence, to know the treatment quality performed by undergraduate students is essential. Objectives: To evaluate the radiographic quality of endodontic treatments performed by undergraduate students at the Federal University of Santa Maria (Santa Maria, RS, Brazil), analyzing the factors associated with better clinical performances. Methods: Two examiners...

Introduction: Disinfecting the apical third of root canal is difficult due to the anatomical ramifications and presence of smear layer. Phytic acid has been recommended for smear layer removal. Aim: To compare the smear layer removal efficacy of different chelating agents with and without EndoActivator ® at apical third. Materials and Methods: Eighty human single- rooted mandibular premolar teeth were decoronated and standardized the root length to 14 mm, instrumented with Protaper...

Objective: This study aims to examine the mechanical behavior of three generations of ProTaper NiTi systems (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland): ProTaper Universal (PTU [conventional]), ProTaper Next (PTN [M-wire]), and ProTaper Gold (PTG [controlled memory]). Materials and Methods: A total of 120 instruments were used, including 40 PTU (30/.09v), 40 PTN (30/.07v), and 40 PTG (30/.09v). The cyclic fatigue used a canal with a radius of curvature of 6 mm and a test speed of 300 rpm. The...

Objectives: To evaluate the surface roughness (SR) and the bond strength (BS) of cylindrical and double-tapered fiber posts pre-treated by Er:YAG laser. Methods: The sample was divided into four experimental groups (n = 10), including Group A: glass fiber posts (double-tapered with vertical grooves) irradiated by ER:YAG laser; Group B: control; Group C: (cylindrical) irradiated; and Group D: control. A profilometer was used to measure the posts SR before and after ER:YAG application....

Introduction: Calcification occurs when there is deposition of hardened tissue inside the canal. Although the incidence of the need for endodontic intervention in teeth with calcified root canals is low, canal obliteration makes the treatment complex and with a poor prognosis. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the diagnosis and the evolution of clinical management using teeth with calcified root canals, without technological resources, such as computed tomography and endodontic...

Introduction: Endodontic treatment of necrotic immature teeth with a wide-open apex poses a clinical challenge. Objective: This article presents a case of regenerative endodontic therapy in necrotic immature permanent maxillary right central incisor. Case report: The patient reported discolouration with #11. Clinical and radiological evaluation revealed a diagnosis as pulpal necrosis with apical periodontitis in #11 and 21. There was an open apex with #11 (Cveks stage 3 root development)....

Introduction: Endodontic access to partial or completed pulp canal obliteration (PCO) is a challenging task. A new technique, known as "Guided Endodontic Access (GEA)" has been reported as an alternative solution in cases with PCO. Method: This report describes 2 cases of GEA used to localize and treat the teeth with partial PCO. The cone beam computed tomography and an intraoral scanner images were matched by means of virtual planning software. After planning the position of the drill and...