To our patients,fondly.At present times, we come across countless social media postsabout clinical protocols to be implemented in patients by clinicianswho act as if they were teachers sharing their beliefs.However, they do so without scientific support while proclaimingthat what they do is the absolute truth and the correct meanstowards achieving success in endodontic and dental treatment.

Many clinicians get confused when finding a tooth withperiapical lesion and unchanged pulp vitality. Several lesionsresemble chronic inflammatory periapical lesionswhen revealed by imaging examination, and teeth remainwith pulp vitality. We always have to bear in mind that:1) teeth with pulp vitality should not be accessed withoutprevious diagnosis of lesions; and endodontic treatmentshould not be carried out as diagnostic tool or therapeutictest for periapical lesions in teeth with pulp...

Introduction: The treatment of traumatized young teethrequires special attention due to the possible presence ofincomplete apex and thin dentin walls, which may hamperor compromise the conventional endodontic treatment.Therefore, it is necessary the accomplishment of a procedurethat induces the formation of a mineralized barrier withthe aid of biocompatible materials, such as calcium hydroxideand Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). Objective:To report a clinical case in which it was held...

Objective: This study compared the flexibility of RaCenickel-titanium rotary instruments with different tapersat different diameters of the shaft (D3 and D6). Materialsand Methods: Thirty RaCe files (FKG, La ChauxdeFonds, Switzerland) size #40 with tapers 0.02, 0.04and 0.06 mm/mm, and length of 25 mm were divided inthree groups of ten instruments each, according to theirtapers. In the cantilever bending test (45 degrees), twotests with loads applied at D3 and D6 were performedfor each group....

Introduction: A number of substances used as intracanaldressings have been linked to the weakening of tooth structure,particularly if used for prolonged periods. This studyassessed the effect of 5% sodium hypochlorite solution andcalcium hydroxide paste in the inorganic composition ofthe dentin. Methods: Twelve instrumented root canal ofmonoradicular teeth, divided into four groups of 3 teetheach were sectioned longitudinally into two equal parts afterremoving the crown. Then, group A was...

Objective: The aim of this study is to discuss the importanceof the vertical angle variation of the periapicalradiograph in some special situations in endodontics.Methods: Some references were consulted, in orderto analyze the benefits of this technique in endodontics.Results: The vertical angle variation of the periapicalradiograph, can be used in some situations in endodontics,such as the overlapping of the zygomatic arch onthe root apex of upper molars, for visualizing thin rootapexes, in...

Introduction: Pulp stones are calcifications of an uncertainetiology that are found in the pulp tissue and have variablesizes. They are found as single or multiple radiopaquecircular or ovoid shaped images and are detected duringroutine radiographic examinations. A previous adequateplanning to the endodontic treatment is necessary, and thedetection of these alterations is part of this stage. Thus, ourobjective is to detect pulp stones in superior and lower incisors.Methodology: We used 793...

Introduction: MTA Repair HP has been recently developed.The aim of this study was to evaluate setting time, radiopacityand solubility of HP Repair MTA in powder-liquidratio according to manufacturer’s instructions (MTA HP+,0.8 g powder and liquid 320μl) or less powder (MTA HP-0.7 g powder and liquid 320 μl) compared to MTA Angelus.Material and methods: The radiopacity was assessed byradiographs of materials in relation to an aluminum scale.Setting time was evaluated by Gilmore needles;...

Aim: To analyze the possible failure causes of a revascularizationtreatment, including complications derived fromthe technique and adequate case selection. Methods: Thefollowing case report describes revascularization failureof a mandibular second premolar with an immature apex,presenting a fistula and a periapical lesion. Irrigation wasperformed with NaOCl, sterile saline solution and chlorhexidine,and an antibiotic paste comprised by ciprofloxacin,metronidazole and cefaclor was used as an...

Replacement external root resorption consists in the replacementof dental structure into bone tissue. The currentconsensus is that there is no relevant therapy for thatprocess. A Literature review focused on therapeutic protocolused on traumatized teeth and its effects about thereplacement external root resorption is presented. For thispurpose, English scientific articles were attached by usingthe data bases Pubmed Central, Scopus, Embase Medline,Ovid and Cochrane, with the keywords: Tooth...

Introduction: Periapical lesions affect non-vital teeth becauseof infection by microorganisms that remain in the rootcanal. On radiographs, this type of lesion is a circumscribedradiolucent image in the apical region; it may be large, anddentists may indicate complementary surgery inadvertently.Therefore, clinical cases should demonstrate the possibility ofextensive periapical lesion repair after endodontic treatmentwith intracanal medicaments and no endodontic surgery.Case report: After the...

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to comparethree techniques of sealer insertion in flat canals. Theconventional technique where the sealer is inserted withthe master cone was compared to 2 experimental groups,Irrisonic tip and Easyclean file in reciprocal movement.Methods: Forty-five mandibular incisors with flat anatomyof root canal (RC) were selected for this study. TheRC were enlarged up to the R40 Reciproc file size. Next,the samples were divided into 3 groups (n = 15) in...